Challenges to foster a national identity during the Meiji restoration period. The WritePass Journal

Difficulties to encourage a national character during the Meiji rebuilding period. Presentation: Difficulties to cultivate a national personality during the Meiji reclamation period. Introduction:Background :Rationale:Westernisation impact in Japan during the Meiji Restoration Period:Political influence:Economic influence:Education influence:Military influence:Arts influence:Education framework in Japan during the Meiji Restoration period:School framework reform:Universities established:Primary school:References: Related Presentation: Sth that catches the reader’s consideration. Foundation : In the 1800’s Japan had been a shut nation for many years. There was a legislative approach which basically expressed that Japanese individuals would be slaughtered if leaving the nation and anybody entering would likewise be executed. There was a little island in the south of Japan where the Japanese imported products from the Dutch, Chinese, and Korean countries, yet there was next to zero exchange with some other nation. In this manner, the nation of Japan was shut to outside impacts, incompletely to keep up political mastery control and to keep the outsiders from taking their black powder. In the mid 1860’s an American discretionary armada of steam controlled warships showed up and demanded the opening of Japanese exchange with the US. The primitive Shogun government, anyway fearful of the danger to their command over the individuals of Japan, had no real option except to permit exchange with the US. This opened the entryway for universal exchange and relations with the world past Japan without precedent for many years. I 1868, the shogun(the military pioneer) had to step down and the multi year old Emperor Meiji was â€Å"restored ,† so Japan may make up for lost time military with the West. There was the finish of a generally steady number of long periods of Shogun government called the Edo time frame. During this period an essential Shogunate (military fascism) was basically running the administration and the different distinctive Samurai tribes of the nation were overseen by this essential Shogunate, which was situated in Edo (the city currently known as Tokyo). Fortunately this specific military fascism was a generally respectable gathering fiscally, yet their own honorable and generous way was quite of what permitted the majestic family to assume control over the administration of Japan at this somewhat crucial second. Basically Meiji was the beneficiary child of the magnificent family thus the individuals who remained to profit by him being set in as pioneer of the nation assisted with getting it going. The initiative of the Shogunate in Edo was given over rather easily as the Shogunate was obviously hoodwinked by Meiji and his supporters. Meiji’s essential supporters, obviously, were pioneers of a portion of the essential restriction to the Shogunate. This affirmation of the initiative of an imperialistic family was known as the â€Å"Meiji Restoration†, yet it was not so much a reclamation as there had obviously never been a really joined Japan administered in such a manner previously. Abruptly Meiji dominated and any Samurai resistance to the progressions was basically halted with power until the Samurai class was at long last prohibited. The Meiji constitution was composed as a major aspect of this â€Å"restoration† and fundamentally created a national personality for Japan. It likewise helpfully manufactured a nationalistic folklore which endeavored to erroneously introduce Meiji and his family as Shinto heavenly nature. The outcome was an over the top strict religious government with a bogus history and beguiled national enthusiasm. This at last prompted the pitiful occasions of WWII and the massive disfavor of the Japanese individuals. It was basically an across the nation religion manufactured by legislators. Reason: Westernization impact in Japan during the Meiji Restoration Period: Political impact: In 1889, a constitution was proclaimed which set up a parliamentary government however left it responsible to the sovereign as opposed to the individuals. Authoritative force was concentrated in a national administration, which likewise managed for the sake of the ruler. There as an adjustment in the primitive framework. The classes were proclaimed equivalent, so samurai and their masters lost their medieval benefits, while the job of traders started to be regarded. Japan got its first European style constitution in 1889. A parliament, the Diet was built up while the head kept sway: he remained at the highest point of the military, naval force, official and administrative force. The decision club, be that as it may, continued holding the real force, and the capable and insightful sovereign Meiji concurred with the vast majority of their activities. Ideological groups didn't yet increase genuine force because of the absence of solidarity among their individuals. Monetary impact: So as to change the agrarian economy of Tokugawa Japan into a created mechanical one, numerous Japanese researchers were sent to another country to contemplate Western science and dialects and organizations, while outside specialists instructed in Japan. The movement and upgrades in training would support the economy as a result of the expansion in information and abilities. Industrialization made more significance on organizations and the succeeding of them, than the cultivating and agrarian economy. After methods for huge legislative ventures, the transportation and correspondence arrange in Japan were improved. The legislature likewise legitimately bolstered the flourishing of organizations and ventures, particularly the enormous and incredible privately-owned companies called zaibatsu. The huge consumptions prompted a monetary emergency in the 1880s which was trailed by a change of the cash framework and the foundation of the Bank of Japan. In this way, Japan’s financial developed hugely during the Meiji reclamation period. Instruction impact: All inclusive instruction was executed. The instruction framework was transformed after the French and later after the German framework. Among those changes was the presentation of mandatory instruction. Necessary government funded instruction was acquainted both with encourage the aptitudes required for the new country and to instill estimations of citizenship in all Japanese. This implies the cash is going towards instruction, which goes to the individuals, and makes progressively capital, in light of more information. Military impact: There was a high need for Japan in a time of European and American government. Widespread induction was presented, and another national armed force displayed after the Prussian power was built up, and a naval force after the British power was set up. Expressions impact: In 1876, the administration opened the Technical Fine Arts School (Kobu Bijutsu Gakko) and welcomed the engineer Giovanni Cappelletti (d. ca. 1885), the stone worker Vincenzo Ragusa (1841â€1928), and the painter Antonio Fontanesi (1818â€1882), who was profoundly affected by the Barbizon school, to show its understudies in Western strategies and media. Fontanesi’s understudies Yamamoto Hosui (1850â€1906), Kuroda Seiki (1866â€1924), and Asai Chu (1856â€1907) all later made a trip to Europe to examine scholarly canvas, and are viewed today as the Meiji period’s most noteworthy makers of Western style works of art (yÃ¥ ga). Then again, the administration took the obtaining of Western workmanship methods as a methods for encouraging mechanical turn of events, rather than advancing an energy about Western style or craftsmanship hypothesis. This was to let the youthful Japanese increase gratefulness for the possibly significant job of the exhibition hall in the public eye, and the foundation of Japan’s first open historical center at Yushima Seido Confucian sanctum. Conder educated at the University of Technology (Kobu Daigakko). His understudies Tatsuno Kingo (1854â€1911), Katayama Tokuma (1853â€1917), and Sone Tatsuzo (1853â€1937) were answerable for a considerable lot of the major engineering landmarks during the Meiji time frame.  Training framework in Japan during the Meiji Restoration period: Educational system change: The change of the educational system has contributed the most to the illumination of the Japanese individuals. By the 1906, the school participation was as high as 95%, which Japan supported the one of the most noteworthy education rates on the planet. The turn Imperial government quickly understood the significance of all inclusive training to the nation’s quest for modernisation and progress of Japan. Gakusei, training framework was executed in the 1872 and the proclamation of the Imperial Rescript on instruction in the 1890, these established the framework for present day instruction framework in Japan. The educational system was then demonstrated after the westernization. Colleges set up: Colleges just as specialized and expert schools were built up to elevate advanced education to fulfill the needs of a work power. With the exception of the terakoya, little provincial schools giving essential training, most customary schools from the Edo time frame were only held to young men having a place with the samurai class. In spite of this, the degree of proficiency in the late Edo time frame was astoundingly high, which no uncertainty made ready for the Meiji instructive changes. Elementary school: The nationalization of the instruction framework made elementary school obligatory for the two young men and young ladies. From the outset, the participation was extremely low. Be that as it may, after educational cost was canceled for primary schools in 1900, at that point there was an expansion in participation. Numerous things in the school was impacted by the westerners. Initially, the school was outfitted western-style were worked all through the Japan. Besides, the school educational plan was additionally founded on western models. This incorporates history, science, topography and number juggling. Schools likewise kept on giving good guidance dependent on Confucian convention, which supported devoted unwaveringness and obedient devotion. Games like sugoroku, the New Year’s game, were utilized to acquaint small kids with the contents in a pleasant manner. The sugoroku board appeared here delineates the changed advances

Prevention Plan for Divorce Before Marriage

Phuong Ho Prof. Janice Falbert CDFS 321 Section 9 Personal Relationships Wellness Philosophy Paper (PRW) Fall 2012 Marriage is one of the most basic elements of human life. It makes the reason for everybody to seek after a superior, more advantageous, and more joyful life. Nonetheless, the reality there are an ever increasing number of couples wedding and afterward winding up with separation, and this rate is expanding quicker step by step. As a matter of fact, all the separation cases are begun from a portion of the types of enthusiastic disease that slowly show up in each accomplice during the hour of their relationship.It is acceptable to fix these types of passionate sickness to take care of the military issues of the particular patients. Be that as it may; it is totally the best when the first focuses are contemplated and decided before they become the genuine and deadly pieces of information to harm marriage. What I am discussing here is the avoidance endeavors to be applied to the timespan before couples wed, not afterward. I additionally present my Prevention Plan containing the thoughts, of forestalling any odds that can cause separate, for pre-marriage couples.This is a definitive aftereffect of the blend of my absolute information about marriage and the handy way of thinking of Primary Prevention material. The facts demonstrate that relationship before marriage assumes a significant job in coupled life ahead; it likewise constructs the establishment for the great, sound, and cheerful marriage. Nonetheless, it is totally off-base saying that dating works viably to screen out future separations, especially those that happen ahead of schedule in marriage.Actually, dating doesn't have anything to do with the division of wedded couples. The point here is that dating and marriage are extraordinary. Obviously dating is essential to prompt marriage. In any case, dating is a stage to get two individuals closer and to check whether they are for one another, an d marriage is a dedication with brimming with episodes and probabilities. Adoring somebody, focusing on him/her, and living respectively for an amazing remainder are entirely unexpected. This represents well for the separations happening ahead of schedule in marriage.Many inconvenient things happen when marriage life begins. Things change drastically, and the couples need to work through themselves or requesting proficient assistance or separations is the result. Another motivation to state that dating is nothing to do with future separations is that dating not working out prompts separation directly after that. Individuals don't hold up until they get into marriage, and afterward lament for what occur and bid farewell to one another. It doesn't work this way.Really, issues can show up during the dating; couples will in general figure out how to conquer it (simply like wedded ones); be that as it may, on the off chance that they can't locate a similar answer for this issue, separati on is anything but difficult to be raised immediately. Partition in dating is much less complex and simpler than marriage. No such couples oppose each other’s issues until they get hitched. As what I said already, my Prevention Plan, which I will acquaint with you, is based upon my military information and the data from Primary Prevention material. So what is Primary Prevention?It is really an unmistakable level from the three-level model, which is basically like the principle Prevention model, containing Primary Prevention, Secondary Prevention, and Tertiary Prevention. Auxiliary Prevention (treatment exercises) is tied in with attempting to diminish the time span an individual or family encounters a genuinely distressful circumstance; Tertiary Prevention (restoration exercises) is tied in with forestalling the repeat of a crippling issue and to reestablish as high as conceivable the degree of individual and family reorganization.Like the other two, Primary Prevention, consi dered as a half and half structure started from Prevention, has its own qualities and methods, which are tied in with meaning to decrease the rate of new instances of mental issue in the populace by battling against unsafe powers which work in the network and by reinforcing the limit of individuals to oppose pressure. Along these lines, dissimilar to the motivation behind Secondary Prevention shortening the time the patients oppose and reason for Tertiary Prevention maintaining a strategic distance from the reiteration of the sickness, the Primary Prevention is more fixed technique for hostile to enthusiastic distress.It centers legitimately around the battle against the psychological maladjustment made during the procedure by helping patients build up the capacities to dodge pressure. Essential Prevention centers mostly around gatherings of patients however for the particular issues that those gatherings acquire. To get a more extensive and more profound perspective on these ideas, let return to the first Prevention. The truth of the matter is that the impression of Prevention isn't new in any way. The thoughts that psychological pain may be forestalled and wiped out happened quite a while prior, back to the antiquated time.However, the completely feasible idea of Prevention as a Public Health treatment was as of late created when the quantity of genuine intellectually sick patients just as separations goes higher and quicker. Anticipation gives procedures that not just assistance all the patients participate in keep away from disease and advancing wellbeing, yet additionally edify the misconception and wrong cases and sentiments about enthusiastic trouble. Truly, there were any individuals welcoming on the thoughts saying that significant sickness is definitely in enormous part hereditarily decided and is by no means preventable, at most modifiable.Prevention refutes that these thoughts are and that psychological issues are not such infections that can be in dicated to any microorganism or DNA string. They are really inconveniences gotten from the extremely ordinary routine existence of every person. Some of the time they can be cause from the elements of that patient’s life like family, companions, colleagues†¦; in some cases they are from the patient himself/herself. Along these lines, on the grounds that those issues are not hereditary and instinctual, it is anything but difficult to result that they can be controlled, forestalled, and killed. 4] So, how does Prevention carry out its responsibilities as a supportive treatment of advancing emotional wellness and maintaining a strategic distance from ailment? The appropriate response is in its innovation given by four explicit devices as Education, Community Organization, Competency Promotion, and Natural Caregiving. Every one of them has alternate point of view, method of drawing nearer, and down to earth application yet they all have a similar motivation behind forestalli ng intellectually sickness and advancing wellbeing. [3] My Plan of avoidance of Divorce is a blend of military and relationship tips, scholarly and demonstrated material, and essentially social information.The focuses are basic principles and tips to certain individuals in their lives, however these individuals are neglected to perceive or even disregard and belittle them. This prompts number of genuine results to their marriage lives, even separations. As I referenced, all my consideration will be the Prevention applied to the timespan before couples wedded. Right off the bat, the ideal advance for the all couples before they focus on one another so as to have a decent and stable marriage is to address themselves and each other â€Å"Am I sure? It is safe to say that you are certain? [6] That implies a pre-marriage couple need to ensure the other is the one and only one and their definitive completion of affection. Them two need to clarify that the other one think the equivalent a nd is truly ready to focus on this life ahead. [5] There are a few couples hurrying to marriage by their contemporary energy and feeling without speculation sensibly. Surely, this sort of marriage later will acquire numerous obstructions and issues and experience the ill effects of the various outcomes including divorce in the event that they don't request any assistance. Marriage is something critical ever happening to a person.Make sure that is the correct one and be prepared to invest the rest energy of your existence with him/her. [1] The second purpose of the Prevention Plan is â€Å"Professional help isn't beneficial, in any way. † Some couples think they approve of everything; they should simply feel free to be prepared for a wedding without mulling over this as a major episode that will change their lives for eternity. Pre-marriage mentoring is critical that assists couples with having a more clear and progressively complete perspective on what is going occur and how things change significantly after they become spouses and wives.Besides, this is likewise an opportunity for the couples to decide again and check whether the other one is actually the one. This may make dissatisfactions for certain couples when they think they definitely have a deep understanding of their relationship (however they don't). Nonetheless, this is one of the best approaches to forestall the likelihood of separations happen directly before the marriage occurs. [2] Another thing that influences most to the solidness of marriage life of any couple is â€Å"Defining desires can help assemble a decent arrangement. † Any successful fight has its own strategy.What are the desires? They are aims, measures, decides that are summarized by the two sides of couple and will be applied for their future family. The equivalent with this circumstance, an upbeat future house isn't just worked with affection, yet additionally with astuteness and information. The desires can be jus t discovered, loved, and conveyed by correspondence, and the most ideal approach to impart is, obviously, talking. [6] Beside building, strengthening, and advancing the adoration, regard, comprehension to one another, the couples should require some serious energy having some genuine talking, examining about their future family.Many things this talking can accompany are, for example, account, kids, sex, housework, religion, jobs†¦ Having a more clear and down to earth perspective on these elements can assist couples with staying away from numerous surprising issues springing up in their future coexistence. It will be significantly simpler and more straightforward to stay away from, manage and fix these issues when the insiders definitely know the ideas of unique issues. [2] Many individuals think it is burning through of time and superfluous to invest their energy for their future relationships while they have not in any case get hitched yet.Actually, this timeframe I

The Relationship Between Estrogens and Depression

The Relationship Between Estrogens and Depression Depression Causes Print The Relationship Between Estrogens and Depression By Nancy Schimelpfening Nancy Schimelpfening, MS is the administrator for the non-profit depression support group Depression Sanctuary. Nancy has a lifetime of experience with depression, experiencing firsthand how devastating this illness can be. Learn about our editorial policy Nancy Schimelpfening Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on February 04, 2020 Depression Overview Types Symptoms Causes & Risk Factors Diagnosis Treatment Coping ADA & Your Rights Depression in Kids EyesWideOpen / Getty Images To answer the question of whether conjugated estrogens like Premarin can cause depression or anxiety, we must first talk about what estrogen is. Estrogen is a group of hormones which play a vital role in womens sexual and reproductive health.?? They are often referred to as sex hormones because of this. Estrogen helps to regulate a womans sexual development, as well as her ability to conceive and bear children. Conjugated Estrogens Premarin is a brand of conjugated estrogens, which are a type of hormonal medication containing a mixture of estrogens. In Premarins case, these have been isolated from the urine of pregnant mares: PREgnant MARes urINe. It is used to treat symptoms associated with menopause and other low-estrogen conditions, such as hot flashes and vaginal dryness. It is also used in the prevention of osteoporosis (thinning of the bones) after menopause, some breast, and prostate cancer symptoms, and certain premenopausal conditions. The Link Between Estrogen and Mood It is well known that estrogen affects depression and anxiety.?? Women who are in their peak estrogen-producing years or transitioning to menopause tend to be affected by these disorders more often than either men or postmenopausal women. In addition, when women are experiencing hormonal fluctuations, such as prior to their menstrual periods and after giving birth, they tend to be more prone to mood disorders. Perhaps not too surprisingly, depression and anxiety are also potential side effects of medications like Premarin, which affect hormone levels. The reason that estrogen-containing medications have the potential to affect mood is that estrogen plays many roles in the body, affecting more than just the sex organs. It can exert effects on the urinary tract, the heart, the blood vessels, bones, breasts, skin, hair, mucous membranes, pelvic muscles, and the brain.?? Though Premarin can cause the side effects of depression or anxiety, studies have shown  that women who take conjugated estrogen during late menopause and early postmenopause have markedly less depression and anxiety than those who received a placebo.?? Estrogens Effects on the Brain Some of estrogens effects on the brain and nervous system include:?? Regulating neurotransmitter systems that affect mood, like serotonin, dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrineSensitivity to the fluctuation of estrogen levels in the amygdala, which is linked to mood regulationStimulating beneficial mood-related actions in the hippocampus Some women may be exceptionally sensitive to changes in hormone levels, causing them to be more susceptible to depression when these levels are off. Signs of Depression While it isnt known how often women become depressed while using Premarin, it is a potentially serious side effect. Symptoms of depression include: SadnessInability to enjoy things that used to be pleasurableFatigue or low energyProblems with thinking, concentration, or memoryFeelings of guilt, worthlessness, or helplessnessFeelings of hopelessnessProblems with sleepProblems with weight or appetiteIrritability or restlessnessThoughts of death or suicide If you are using Premarin and experience any of these symptoms for two weeks or more, especially thoughts of death or suicide, you should consult with your healthcare provider for advice.

The Wife of Bath Essay - 587 Words

The Wife of Bath The Wife of Bath is the tale of an independent and headstrong woman. She strongly believes in the worth of every woman and that women should be dominant in their marriages. The Wife of Bath also directly speaks against strict religious claims for chastity and monogamy, using Biblical examples. These examples include Solomon to show that the Bible does not openly condemn all expressions of sexuality, even outside of marriage. The major characters of the Tale of the Wife of Bath are the old crone and Jankin (one of King Arthurs knights). Her Tale begins with a knight, Jankin, who when riding home one day found a maiden walking alone and raped her. This crime usually held the penalty of death, but the queen†¦show more content†¦The tale of the Wife of Bath has a fairy-tale structure. This structure is prevalent through the transformation of the old crone. The fairy-tale structure also exists when he kisses the old woman to turn her young. This Tale also has fable quali ties because of the moral at the end of the Tale. The Wife of Bath ends the Tale with its moral: let Christ grant all women submissive husbands who sexually satisfy their wives. This tale shows the old crones newfound beauty as a result of her independence and a physical display of her internal qualities. The theme of the Wife of Baths Tale is not female equality in marriage, but the power struggles between the husband and wife. She does not seek an equal partnership with a husband, but a situation in which she has control over her spouse. The Wife of Bath even indicates that it is only in a marriage where the wife has control over her husband, that true happiness can be attained. An example of this occurs when Jankin tries to show power over her and to reestablish her dominance she controls him through guilt. From this point, the Wife of Bath was the dominant partner in the marriage. The source of this Tale is Jeromes Adversus Jovinianum (Against Jovinian), in other words, pro-virginity. The following sections of Against Jovinian are used as sources for this Tale: Chastity Among Pagan Women, Theophrastus Golden Book of Marriage, and Why Men Should Not Marry. Another source of this Tale is theShow MoreRelatedThe Wife of Bath1145 Words   |  5 Pagesone of them is the story of the Wife of Bath, whose real name is Alisoun. From her appearance and behavior, to her political and religious views, there is much to tell about the Wife of Bath, for her prologue and tale are quite long. The Wife of Bath is a very interesting character. In addition to Alisoun as a person, her story is fascinating as well, with a surprising and compelling end to the story. (SparkNotes Editors) According to the story, the Wife of Bath has a very distinct appearanceRead MoreThe Wife Of Bath1531 Words   |  7 PagesHeaven knows whenever he wanted it- my belle chose-, thought he had beaten me in every bone†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (272) Even though her final husband had beaten her, because he was good in bed with her she felt she loved him the best of them all (272). Clearly, The Wife of Bath valued three things in her marriages, sex, power, and money. In her tale we find that power is an important role to women in marriage. A knight, after raping a women is spared by a queen (282) but in order to save his life, he has one year (283)Read MoreThe Wife of Bath1326 Words   |  6 Pagestheir journey. One of the travellers, the Wife of Bath shares her views on social relationships between men and women. The fourteenth century is viewed as having a patriarchal dominated society. However, the Wife of Bath, Alisoun, is a strong believer in female maistrie, control in the marriage. She b elieves in female supremacy over husbands in marriage, and does not feel they can be equal partners in the relationship. Through her prologue and tale the wife justifies the actions she and other womenRead MoreThe Wife Of Bath, By Chaucer Essay970 Words   |  4 Pagesto explore the Wife of Bath, her character, appearance, and tale. For the purpose of establishing a correlation between; the perceptions of the other pilgrims, the Wife’s apparent nature, and the tone of her tale. Slade suggest that Chaucer intended the Wife as an ironic character (247). A perspective that is supported by Chaucer’s treatment of the Wife in her description and prologue. The Wife, unlike the other pilgrims who are identified by their occupations, is identified as a wife. Regardless ofRead MoreThe Wife of Bath, The Wife of Bath Prologue, and The General Prologue981 Words   |  4 PagesThe Wife of Bath, The Wife of Bath Prologue, and The General Prologue These selections from The Canterbury Tales best exemplify the ideals and traits of women (as portrayed by Chaucer). In, The Wife of Bath Prologue, the narrator brags of her sexual exploits as well as her prowess of controlling men. The narrator is quite forthright in her enjoyment of this manipulation; she comments on her technique of lying and predomination of men. The General Prologue further servesRead MoreThe Wife of Bath Essay947 Words   |  4 PagesThe Wife of Bath The Wife of Bath, one of the many characters in Chaucers The Canterbury Tales, is a feminist of the fourteenth century. Chaucer, in the General Prologue, describes her as promiscuous. The Wyf confirms this claim in the prologue to her tale, the longest in the book. An analysis of the General Prologue and the Wyfs Prologue reveals a direct relationship between the Wyf of Bathe and the characters in her tale, such as the knight, queen, and ugly woman. There is a directRead MoreAnalysis Of The Wife Of Bath 1660 Words   |  7 PagesThe Canterbury Fails: An Analysis of Misogyny in the Wife of Bath’s Tale At first glance, you wouldn’t think that the Wife of Bath’s tale is anything other than feminist. She is, undeniably, the only non-religious female character in The Canterbury Tales and therefore is the only character who is approached from a point of view that was generally uncommon. We don’t have many— or even any, as far as I’m aware— pieces of medieval literature written by or for women or with a main female protagonistRead MoreThe Wife of Bath Essay715 Words   |  3 PagesWife of Bath vs. Lady Gaga Geoffrey Chaucers, Wife of Bath, character in Canterbury Tales can be compared with todays modern pop icon Lady Gaga. Both woman share many similar qualities regarding their personality types and behavior. From the Fifteenth century to the Twenty- First, these women symbolize feminism and contradiction of societal norms. This essay will discuss the similarities and differences between Chaucers fictional character, the Wife of Bath, and Lady Gaga, one of this century’sRead MoreThe Wife of Bath Essay940 Words   |  4 Pagescorrupt and flat out crazy characters. However, The Wife of Bath is one character that stands out the most. She is a strong, sexual being who does not care about obeying the rules. The Wife of Bath speaks highly of herself when it comes to pleasing her man sexually and does not believe that when one marriage ends that is it; she believes that more opportunities open. She marries five men, four of them for money and one for love. The Wife of Bath is not perf ect in her tale but she keeps her audienceRead MoreEssay on The Wife of Bath1031 Words   |  5 PagesThe Wife of Bath Historical Background One of the most memorable pilgrims of The Canterbury Tales, as well as one of the most memorable women in literature, is the Wife of Bath. She is a lusty and domineering woman who is proud of and outspoken about her sexuality and believes that a woman should have sovereignty in a marriage (Norton 80). She is also extremely blunt and outspoken about her ideas and beliefs. Despite being a woman of the fourteenth century, her ideas, beliefs, and behavior

Genesis Vs Greek Families - 1362 Words

Genesis vs Greek: Families When most people hear the word â€Å"family† they usually picture the first definition that appears in the Merriam-Webster Dictionary: â€Å"a group of individuals living under one roof†. However, a family can also be defined as â€Å"a group of persons of common ancestry†. Most importantly, family is about the relationships that a group of individuals has with one another, whether they are related by blood or not. The creation story found in Greek culture portrays a completely different family dynamic than the one shown in Genesis. While reading the creation story in Genesis 2:4-25 and the myths from Greek culture, the differences in the relationships between the gods, the humans and each other, give insight into the family†¦show more content†¦They have many children that turn out to be hideous monsters with numerous arms and eyes. Uranus turns cold towards his children, and hides them in the Underworld, which becomes a major theme for godly parents. G aia has many more children who are Titans, and the strongest is Kronos. He kills his father while avenging his mother’s loss, and takes over his position. While in power, Kronos creates the first race of men, who were made of gold. This was called the Golden Age, and mankind didn’t have to work. Around the same time, Kronos and his wife Rhea have multiple children. Kronos was afraid that one of his kids would rise up against him, just as he did with his father, so he swallows each child as they are born. Rhea was very upset, and Gaia aided her in giving birth to the youngest, Zeus, and giving Kronos a rock to swallow. Zeus grew to become the strongest of men, and killed his father Kronos, and retrieved his siblings. He married his sister Hera, but started to have affairs with many other gods and mortals, resulting in numerous minor gods and demigods. During this conflict, the Golden Men were killed, so Zeus replaced them with the Silver Men the Bronze Men, and the Hero es. Each race was either killed by the god’s negligence, or hidden due to their shortcomings. The final race of men is the one alive today, which is the Iron Age. This race has to suffer the most, but it said to last far beyond the gods. While the two stories both serve the same purposeShow MoreRelatedBible vs. Mythology994 Words   |  4 Pages Bible vs. Myth There are many similarities and differences between Greek Mythology and The Bible. Whether it’s the creation of man and women, or the universe, stories have been told throughout time and some can be alike and others completely different. There are people that have gathered, translated and recorded all of these events for us now to learn about. Whether a person believes it is true or not is up to them but if a God is real how come the stories between these two different beliefsRead MoreThe Iliad And The Book Of Genesis1225 Words   |  5 PagesAmidst themes of suffering, war, violence, and sin, the characters of both the Iliad and the book of Genesis strive to live and define their lives as their own. The women in particular best exemplify this struggle as they contend not only with the circumstances to which they are born into, but must also grapple will the role they play in their society and how their actions influence the greater fate of their people. Within the Iliad, An dromache’s role as a woman and wife to a warrior during war contributesRead MoreComparing Roman And Greek Mythology1354 Words   |  6 Pages Roman Vs. Greek Mythology Roman and Greek mythology are full of complexities. Much of Greek and Roman everyday life revolved around these myths. 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Customer Perception Towards Branded Carbonated Drinks Free Essays

string(102) " initiative in the price front took place some years ago when the brand Coca-Cola came back to India\." STUDY OF CUSTOMER BEHAVIOR AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS BRANDED CARBONATED DRINKS Submitted by : Hari Baboo CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION Beverage Industry in India: A Brief Insight In India, beverages form an important part of the lives of people. It is an industry, in which the players constantly innovate, in order to come up with better products to gain more consumers and satisfy the existing consumers. FIGURE 1: BEVERAGE INDUSTRY IN INDIA The beverage industry is vast and there various ways of segmenting it, so as to cater the right product to the right person. We will write a custom essay sample on Customer Perception Towards Branded Carbonated Drinks or any similar topic only for you Order Now The different ways of segmenting it are as follows: * Alcoholic, non-alcoholic and sports beverages * Natural and Synthetic beverages * In-home consumption and out of home on premises consumption. * Age wise segmentation i. e. beverages for kids, for adults and for senior citizens * Segmentation based on the amount of consumption i. e. high levels of consumption and low levels of consumption. If the behavioral patterns of consumers in India are closely noticed, it could be observed that consumers perceive beverages in two different ways i. e. everages are a luxury and that beverages have to be consumed occasionally. These two perceptions are the biggest challenges faced by the beverage industry. In order to leverage the beverage industry, it is important to address this issue so as to encourage regular consumption as well as and to make the industry more affordable. Four strong strategic elements to increase consumption of the products of the beverage industry in India are: * The qua lity and the consistency of beverages needs to be enhanced so that consumers are satisfied and they enjoy consuming beverages. The credibility and trust needs to be built so that there is a very strong and safe feeling that the consumers have while consuming the beverages. * Consumer education is a must to bring out benefits of beverage consumption whether in terms of health, taste, relaxation, stimulation, refreshment, well-being or prestige relevant to the category. * Communication should be relevant and trendy so that consumers are able to find an appeal to go out, purchase and consume. The beverage market has still to achieve greater penetration and also a wider spread of distribution. It is important to look at the entire beverage market, as a big opportunity, for brand and sales growth in turn to add up to the overall growth of the food and beverage industry in the economy. The Carbonated Drinks Industry In India; A Perspective The Rs. 17000 crore market of carbonated drinks industry in India looked really bad just after the â€Å"Pesticide† controversy last year. But some cool promotions and quick reactions by cola companies have handled the crisis satisfactorily. The controversy has thought the industry few lesson or so and in the process consumer and the economy also benefited. â€Å"Colas, contributing more than 50 per cent to fizzy drink sales, saw a huge slide after the pesticide controversy, but are believed to be making a come back. Thanks to increased advertisement spends which is over 20 per cent higher than last year. There is some good news on the non-cola segment. The lime and lemon segments with brands like sprite and 7up have registered a 30 to 40 per cent growth, although on a smaller base. Nevertheless, the battle between two cola giants, Coke Pepsi, did not go any slow. Rather it has become fiercer. They are now fighting each other even at the local level. That too the trend is as old as start of this millennium. The present scenario of the carbonated drinks market is behaving the way it has all to do with a duopoly situation. A duopoly is a competitive situation where there are two competitors, normally of roughly equal siz e. Although in every place they have local competitors and there is a huge unorganized flavoured water market. Yet again, packaged water is also a competitor to the cola brands and in this category neither of the two cola companies are market leaders. However, as far as the carbonated drinks are concerned there are only two brands, Coke and Pepsi. Therefore, we can safely say that this condition does qualify to be a near duopoly situation and thus there is such intense competition. Unless, the two parties in a duopoly collaborate with each other, which is certainly not the case in the cola market worldwide or in India, this battle is not going to slow down even a bit! Rather, it would grow stronger with every passing day. In a situation like this it is very interesting to observe marketing strategies in general and Product Pricing strategies in specific of the players, merely because the action of one player is bound to invite similar reaction from the other. As if, the third law of Newton, that ? every action has an equal and opposite reaction? , can‘t fit better in any other situation! In a duopoly like situation, as far as cola industry in India is concerned, it can be said that it is foolish to cut prices unless, one of the two parties has a much lower cost base. But that is not the case in India. In fact, both the companies, Coke and Pepsi, invest heavily in advertising and in distribution through their franchise as well as their own systems. However, a great deal of attention is paid by both companies to cost, particularly in the development of a tightly effective supply chain system in which economies are squeezed out and, wherever possible both overheads and working capital are controlled. Therefore, it is extremely difficult to for both the parties to play with the prices. Rather, it is counter-productive exercise, as when prices are reduced in a particular area by one of the cola brands, the second must follow. If we look into the history of pricing of these two particular players of the carbonated drinks industry, we will see that the first major initiative in the price front took place some years ago when the brand Coca-Cola came back to India. You read "Customer Perception Towards Branded Carbonated Drinks" in category "Papers" At that point of time colas were available only in 200 ml bottles. Coca-Cola, in it‘s come back trail, broke the tradition by launching Cola in the 300 ml size bottles but at the same price as Pepsi, which was then in a 200 ml bottle. With this strategy, Coke expected to gain advantage in the market especially in India, which is traditionally a highly price sensitive market. However, Pepsi, as being a fierce competitor was prepared for it and soon launched its colas in the 300 ml sizes. Thereby, in India, it was the 300 ml bottle which became the standard in most parts of the country, making the price a parity issue between the two brands. Then, a few years ago, one litre and 1. 5 litre non-returnable PET bottles at a discount in comparison to, a 300 ml returnable glass bottle, the traditional packaging in this product category, was launched by Pepsi. It was a successful move resulting in significant increase in the consumption level especially amongst the loyal consumers in the urban areas. And part of the rule of the game, Coke followed Pepsi in the above move in order to reduce the cost per glass to the consumer. Then came the days of a 500 ml non-returnable PET bottle which was advertised almost totally on the cost of the consumer per 100 ml of cola! Nevertheless, the great advantage that the PET bottles provided is that they have increased home consumption level which was not of much significance compared to out of home consumption till then. And in very recent times the Coke did a u-turn that is price cuts. The latest move of reducing price to the consumer is the very opposite of what has been happening to-date. It has now re-launched a 200 ml bottle at a unit price of approximately 2/3rd of the 300 ml price, thus making retail purchase look cheaper. This strategy was meant to fight consumption pattern of smaller towns and rural areas where two people share a 300 ml bottle. Importantly, by making the bottle smaller it has only reduced unit price without affecting the trade margin. It has been reported that Pepsi has been cutting the price of its 300 ml bottle in some places, until an inventory of 200 ml bottles was built, as an answer to the Coke‘s strike. However, this act of Pepsi might boomerang as there is a strong probability of having some negative effect on the supply chain and other inventory cost in the long run. Competitive Arena The soft drink market all over the world has been witnessing a neck to neck battle between the two major players, Coca-Cola and Pepsi since the very beginning. The thirst quenchers are trying hard to have the major chunk of the pie of carbonated soft drink market. Both the players are spending their energies in building capacity, infrastructure, promotional activities etc. Coca-Cola being 11 years older than Pepsi has dominated the scene in most of the soft drink markets in the world and enjoying leadership in terms of market share. But the Coca-Cola people are finding it hard to keep away Pepsi, which has been narrowing the gaps regularly. The two are posing threats to each other in every nook and corner of the world. While Coca-Cola has been earning most of its bread and butter through beverage sales, Pepsi has a multi products portfolio with some portion from the same business. Aims/Objective In this research we are making an attempt to study which carbonated drink is preferred by consumers around Manipal, and do they take into account factors such as price, brand, taste etc while purchasing a carbonated drink. * Consumer perception towards Carbonated drinks. * To understand buying behavior of consumers. * To recommend for future course of action. CHAPTER 2:RESEARCH DESIGN Research Design: Descriptive research- also known as statistical research, describes data and characteristics about the population. Descriptive research answers the questions who, what, where, when and how. COLLECTION OF DATA 1. Primary data : Based on questionnaire, will be distributed among consumers direct interview will be taken, to collect the data. 2. Secondary data : Collected from articles, magazines, newspaper research reports and internet. 3. Sampling: Stratified sampling technique will be considered. A sample size of 200 consumers will be selected from Manipal to study. The process of grouping members of the population into relatively homogeneous subgroups before sampling. Proportionate allocation uses a sampling fraction in each of the strata that is proportional to that of the total population. If the population consists of 60% in the male stratum and 40% in the female stratum, then the relative size of the two samples (three males, two females) should reflect this proportion. SAMPLE SIZE This refers to the number of element to be selected from the universe to contribute a sample. The sample should be optimum i. e. it should fulfill all the requirement of efficiency, respectiveness, reliability and flexibility pertaining to the research conducted. It is generally denoted by ‘n’. It can be calculated using the formula:- n = z / e? in case of Infinite population. Where, n=sample size ?=Standard deviation e=error Many a times, the standard deviation of population is not known and sample is not yet taken, rough estimate of the population will given by, Range of Population Distribution 6 Here range is the difference between highest and lowest score. In this case, range = 5-1 =4 Therefore standard deviation, For 95% confidence level, from normal distribution table, z=1. 96 Error, e=0. 1 Substituting these values in the above equation , we get, n= (1. 96 0. 67? )/(0. 1? ) Sample size, n=172. 44 Taking sample size as 200. Random sampling is undertaken for selecting sample from the population SAMPLING ERROR: In any study involving the sampling process, there would normally be a certain amount of inaccuracy in the data collected. This inaccuracy is termed as ‘Sampling Error’. In other words, sampling errors are those errors which arise on account of sampling. Limitations of the Study 1. Some of the respondents refused to fill the questionnaires. 2. The responses may vary as some people did not want to come up with real answers. 3. The people were busy in their own work so they might not have given actual responses. . Limitation of time. 5. The survey is conducted only in few areas of Manipal; hence the results may vary in other parts of the cities. 6. Small sample size. 7. And like any other research the limitation of personal bias of respondents limits the scope of the study. 8. The findings are based on the survey conducted in the month of feb; the results may vary in other months. CHAPTE R 3. DATA REPRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS 3. 1 DEMOGRAPHIC FACTOR Gender of respondents Frequency table: GENDER | Frequency| Percent| Valid Percent| Cumulative Percent| Valid| male| 106| 53. | 53. 0| 53. 0| | female| 94| 47. 0| 47. 0| 100. 0| | Total| 200| 100. 0| 100. 0| | Inference The above pie chart depicts the distribution of the total sample that we had undertaken in our study. We observe here that most of the respondents are male than female. Male respondents are 106 out of 200 respondents whereas females are 94 out of 200. Age of respondents Frequency table AGE | Frequency| Percent| Valid Percent| Cumulative Percent| Valid| 0-15| 68| 34. 0| 34. 0| 34. 0| | 16-25| 56| 28. 0| 28. 0| 62. 0| | 26-35| 44| 22. 0| 22. 0| 84. 0| | 36-45| 26| 13. | 13. 0| 97. 0| | 46-70| 6| 3. 0| 3. 0| 100. 0| | Total| 200| 100. 0| 100. 0| | As per respondents, age group of 0-15 people with the frequency of 68 out of 200, 16-25 group people are around 56 , 26-35 are 44 people , 36-45 are 26 people respec tively. 3. 2 PROFESSIONAL FACTOR Frequency table WORK| | | | | | | | | Frequency| Percent| Valid Percent| Cumulative Percent| Valid| professional| 26| 13| 13| 13| | | businessman| 18| 9| 9| 22| | | service| 52| 26| 26| 48| | | student| 98| 49| 49| 97| | | others| 6| 3| 3| 100| | | Total| 200| 100| 100| | | Inference As per respondents the student respondent are 98 out of200while service people were around 52 out of 200 ,professional people are around 26 ,businessman people are around 18 whereas 6 of them are in others category. 3. 3 CARBONATED DRINKS Frequency table COLA | Frequency| Percent| Valid Percent| Cumulative Percent| Valid| coca cola| 36| 18. 0| 18. 0| 18. 0| | pepsi| 34| 17. 0| 17. 0| 35. 0| | thumbs up| 52| 26. 0| 26. 0| 61. 0| | 7up| 24| 12. 0| 12. 0| 73. 0| | sprite| 22| 11. 0| 11. 0| 84. 0| | mazza| 16| 8. 0| 8. 0| 92. 0| | fanta| 16| 8. 0| 8. 0| 100. 0| | Total| 200| 100. 0| 100. 0| | | | | | | | | | | | | As per respondents, 52 people out of 200 likes thumbs up, while people loves to drink coca cola , pepsi, 7up, mazza, fanta 36,34,24,22,16,16 respectively Gender vs. age GENDER * AGE Cross tabulation| | | | | | | | | AGE| | | | | Total| | | | 0-15| 16-25| 26-35| 36-45| 46-70| | GENDER| male| Count| 34| 30| 25| 14| 3| 106| | | Expected Count| 36. 04| 29. 68| 23. 32| 13. 78| 3. 18 | 106| | female| Count| 34| 26| 19| 12| 3| 94| | | Expected Count| 31. 96| 26. 32| 20. 68| 12. 22| 2. 82| 94| Total| | Count| 68| 56| 44| 26| 6| 200| | | Expected Count| 68| 56| 44| 26| 6| 200| | | | | | | | | From the respondents, in the age group of 0-15 have 34 males and females respondent respectively. While 16-25 age group have 30 males and 26 females’ respondent respectively. While 26-35 age group have 30 males and 26 females’ respondent respectively. Because they are major consumers of branded carbonated drinkers Gender vs. Occupation GENDER * WORK Cross tabulation| | | | | | | | | WORK| | | | | Total| | | | professional| businessman| service| student| others| | GENDER| male| Count| 20| 12| 23| 47| 4| 106| | | Expected Count| 13. 78| 9. 54| 27. 56| 51. 94| 3. 8| 106| | female| Count| 6| 6| 29| 51| 2| 94| | | Expected Count| 12. 22| 8. 46| 24. 44| 46. 06| 2. 82| 94| Total| | Count| 26| 18| 52| 98| 6| 200| | | Expected Count| 26| 18| 52| 98| 6| 200| As per respond ents, male generally who respondent are majorly students and in female also major respondent were student only. While service people are only 23 as male and 29 as female respondent, professional count is 20 in male and 6 at female. In businessman category 12 are male respondent while 6 of them are female. Gender vs. Prefer branded carbonated drinks GENDER * COLA Cross tabulation| | | | | | | | | | COLA| | | | | | | Total| | | | coca cola| pepsi| thumbs up| 7up| sprite| mazza| fanta| | GENDER| Male| Count| 21| 22| 31| 12| 8| 5| 7| 106| | | Expected Count| 19. 08| 18. 02| 27. 56| 12. 72| 11. 66| 8. 48| 8. 48| 106| | female| Count| 15| 12| 21| 12| 14| 11| 9| 94| | | Expected Count| 16. 92| 15. 98| 24. 44| 11. 28| 10. 34| 7. 52| 7. 52| 94| Total| | Count| 36| 34| 52| 24| 22| 16| 16| 200| | | Expected Count| 36| 34| 52| 24| 22| 16| 16| 200| As per respondent male person like thumbs up are around 31 persons while 21 and 22 people like coca cola and Pepsi respectively. In7up category 12 male respondent and in sprite, mazza, fanta 8,5,7 respectively are there. And in female person like thumbs up are around 21 persons while 15 and 12 people like coca cola and Pepsi respectively. In7up category 12 female respondent and in sprite, mazza, fanta 14,11,9 respectively are there. Gender vs. Effect of advertisement GENDER * ATTRACT Cross tabulation| | | | | | | | | ATTRACT| | | | | Total| | | | creativity| Effect of brand ambassador| idea| frequency| logical| | GENDER| male| Count| 29| 25| 14| 28| 10| 106| | | Expected Count| 25. 4| 26. 5| 11. 66| 26. 5| 15. 9| 106| | female| Count| 19| 25| 8| 22| 20| 94| | | Expected Count| 22. 56| 23. 5| 10. 34| 23. 5| 14. 1| 94| Total| | Count| 48| 50| 22| 50| 30| 200| | | Expected Count| 48| 50| 22| 50| 30| 200| As per respondents, advertisement is mode of marketing where frequency of ads, creativity and effect of brand ambassador for male respondent are 28,29and 25 respectively. While in female has effect of brand ambas sador, frequency of ads and logic of ads are 25, 22 and 19 respectively. Age vs. Preferred branded carbonated drinks AGE * COLA Cross tabulation| | | | | | | | | | | | COLA| | | | | | | Total| | | | coca cola| Pepsi| thumbs up| 7up| sprite| mazza| fanta| | AGE| 0-15| Count| 13| 12| 15| 13| 5| 5| 5| 68| | | Expected Count| 12. 24| 11. 56| 17. 68| 8. 16| 7. 48| 5. 44| 5. 44| 68| | 16-25| Count| 8| 11| 9| 8| 7| 7| 6| 56| | | Expected Count| 10. 08| 9. 52| 14. 56| 6. 72| 6. 16| 4. 48| 4. 48| 56| | 26-35| Count| 11| 7| 15| 2| 5| 1| 3| 44| | | Expected Count| 7. 92| 7. 48| 11. 44| 5. 28| 4. 84| 3. 52| 3. 52| 44| | 36-45| Count| 4| 3| 12| 0| 4| 2| 1| 26| | | Expected Count| 4. 8| 4. 42| 6. 76| 3. 12| 2. 86| 2. 08| 2. 08| 26| | 46-70| Count| 0| 1| 1| 1| 1| 1| 1| 6| | | Expected Count| 1. 08| 1. 02| 1. 56| 0. 72| 0. 66| 0. 48| 0. 48| 6| Total| | Count| 36| 34| 52| 24| 22| 16| 16| 200| | | Expected Count| 36| 34| 52| 24| 22| 16| 16| 200| As per respondents, 0-15 age group does show that much of variation and as same at other age groups. While the age group of 16-25 show much variation than 46-70 age group pe ople. Age vs. Reason of purchase AGE * LIKE Cross tabulation| | | | | | | | | | | LIKE| | | | | | | Total| | | brand name| taste| easy avail| packaging| price| Effect of brand ambassador| others| | AGE| 0-15| Count| 16| 16| 9| 10| 11| 6| 0| 68| | | Expected Count| 13. 6| 17| 10. 88| 6. 8| 13. 6| 5. 44| 0. 68| 68| | 16-25| Count| 9| 14| 9| 4| 15| 3| 2| 56| | | Expected Count| 11. 2| 14| 8. 96| 5. 6| 11. 2| 4. 48| 0. 56| 56| | 26-35| Count| 10| 8| 11| 2| 10| 3| 0| 44| | | Expected Count| 8. 8| 11| 7. 04| 4. 4| 8. 8| 3. 52| 0. 44| 44| | 36-45| Count| 5| 8| 2| 4| 4| 3| 0| 26| | | Expected Count| 5. 2| 6. 5| 4. 16| 2. 6| 5. 2| 2. 08| 0. 26| 26| | 46-70| Count| 0| 4| 1| 0| 0| 1| 0| 6| | Expected Count| 1. 2| 1. 5| 0. 96| 0. 6| 1. 2| 0. 48| 0. 06| 6| Total| | Count| 40| 50| 32| 20| 40| 16| 2| 200| | | Expected Count| 40| 50| 32| 20| 40| 16| 2| 200| As per respondent, 0-15 age groups reasons for purchases of branded carbonated drinks are basically on brand name and taste. While age group 16 -25 group people think price and brand name is the important factor in selection of drink. Other age group thinks taste as one of the factor and as well as brand name, prices are important factor. Null hypothesis: ho: Is taste dependent on the selection of branded carbonated drinks? The results are as shown below with the help of table and graphical representation. COLA * TASTE Cross tabulation | | TASTE| Total| | | very important| important| not important| not at all important| | COLA| coca cola| Count| 5| 19| 7| 5| 36| | | Expected Count| 8. 1| 17. 6| 7. 7| 2. 5| 36. 0| | Pepsi| Count| 15| 8| 9| 2| 34| | | Expected Count| 7. 7| 16. 7| 7. 3| 2. 4| 34. 0| | thumbs up| Count| 5| 33| 10| 4| 52| | | Expected Count| 11. 7| 25. 5| 11. 2| 3. 6| 52. 0| | 7up| Count| 9| 8| 6| 1| 24| | | Expected Count| 5. 4| 11. 8| 5. 2| 1. 7| 24. 0| | Sprite| Count| 5| 13| 4| 0| 22| | Expected Count| 5. 0| 10. 8| 4. 7| 1. 5| 22. 0| | Mazza| Count| 3| 8| 5| 0| 16| | | Expected Count| 3. 6| 7. 8| 3. 4| 1. 1| 16. 0| | Fanta| Count| 3| 9| 2| 2| 16| | | Expected Count| 3. 6| 7. 8| 3. 4| 1. 1| 16. 0| Total| Count| 45| 98| 43| 14| 200| | Expected Count| 45. 0| 98. 0| 43. 0| 14. 0| 200. 0| We can observe here that the respondents takes as taste as important in selection of carbonated drinks. A s taste is one of factor which influence in the selection of carbonated drinks Chi-Square Test | Value| df| Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)| Pearson Chi-Square| 31. 655(a)| 18| . 024| Likelihood Ratio| 33. 984| 18| . 013| N of Valid Cases| 200| | | a 13 cells (46. 4%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 1. 12. INTERPRETATION: Since the calculated value 0. 024 is less than 0. 05, we reject the null hypothesis and conclude saying that the taste is dependent on the selection of carbonated drinks. Null hypothesis: ho: Are carbonated drinks only popular among the youth? AGE * COLA Cross tabulation Count | COLA| Total| | coca cola| pepsi| thumbs up| 7up| sprite| mazza| fanta| | AGE| 0-15| 13| 12| 15| 13| 5| 5| 5| 68| | 16-25| 8| 11| 9| 8| 7| 7| 6| 56| 26-35| 11| 7| 15| 2| 5| 1| 3| 44| | 36-45| 4| 3| 12| 0| 4| 2| 1| 26| | 46-70| 0| 1| 1| 1| 1| 1| 1| 6| Total| 36| 34| 52| 24| 22| 16| 16| 200| As per respondents, age group 0-15 are 68 respondent where they like coca cola, Pepsi, thumbs up,7up 13,12,15,13 respectively. Age group 16-25 are 56 respondent where they like coca cola, Pepsi, thumbs up,7up 8,11,9,8 respectively. Age group 26-35 are 44 re spondent where they like coca cola, Pepsi, thumbs up,7up 11,7,15,2 respectively. We can observe here that the respondents age factor affect importantly in selection of carbonated drinks. As taste is one of factor which influence in the selection of carbonated drinks Chi-Square Tests | Value| df| Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)| Pearson Chi-Square| 27. 016(a)| 24| . 304| Likelihood Ratio| 31. 222| 24| . 147| N of Valid Cases| 200| | | a 18 cells (51. 4%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is . 48 . INTERPRETATION: Since the calculated value 0. 304 is higher than 0. 05, we accept the null hypothesis and conclude saying that the age is interdependent on the selection of carbonated drinks. So, carbonated drinks are popular among the youth. Null hypothesis: HO: Is advertisement a major factor in the selection of the brand of carbonated drinks? COLA * LIKE Cross tabulation| | | | | | | | Count | | | | | | | | | | | | LIKE| | | | | | | Total| | | brand name| taste| easy avail| packaging| price| Effect of brand ambassador| others| | COLA| coca cola| 11| 7| 4| 3| 9| 1| 1| 36| | pepsi| 7| 10| 3| 3| 8| 3| 0| 34| | thumbs up| 10| 11| 9| 4| 13| 5| 0| 52| | 7up| 5| 9| 5| 3| 1| 1| 0| 24| | sprite| 1| 6| 6| 4| 2| 2| 1| 22| | mazza| 3| 4| 4| 2| 2| 1| 0| 16| | fanta| 3| 3| 1| 1| 5| 3| 0| 16| Total| | 40| 50| 32| 20| 40| 16| 2| 200| We can observe here that the respondents advertisement affects importantly in selection of carbonated drinks. As advertisement is one of factor which influence in the selection of carbonated drinks Chi-Square Tests | Value| df| Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)| Pearson Chi-Square| 32. 104(a)| 36| . 654| Likelihood Ratio| 33. 992| 36| . 564| N of Valid Cases| 200| | | a 34 cells (69. 4%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is . 16. INTERPRETATION: Since the calculated value 0. 654 is higher than 0. 5, we accept the null hypothesis and conclude saying that the advertisements are interdependent on the selection of carbonated drinks. So, advertisement affects in the selection of branded carbonated drinks. Null hypothesis: HO: Does occupation has a role in selecting the Carbonated drink? WORK * COLA Cross tabulation| | | | | | | | Count | | | | | | | | | | | | COLA| | | | | | | Total| | | coca cola| pepsi| thumbs up| 7up| sprite| mazza | fanta| | WORK| Professional| 5| 4| 7| 2| 3| 2| 3| 26| | Businessman| 6| 12| 0| 0| 0| 0| 0| 18| | Service| 11| 8| 14| 14| 4| 1| 0| 52| Student| 14| 9| 30| 7| 14| 12| 12| 98| | Others| 0| 1| 1| 1| 1| 1| 1| 6| Total| | 36| 34| 52| 24| 22| 16| 16| 200| As per respondent, 30 student select thumbs up as their favorite drink , in businessman category nobody likes other drink rather than coke and pepsi. While in other occupation doesn’t have any definite favorite drinks. Chi-Square Tests | Value| df| Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)| Pearson Chi-Square| 73. 241(a)| 24| . 000| Likelihood Ratio| 77. 160| 24| . 000| N of Valid Cases| 200| | | a 22 cells (62. 9%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is . 48. INTERPRETATION: Since the calculated value 0. 000 is lower than 0. 05, we reject the null hypothesis and conclude saying that the occupation are dependent on the selection of carbonated drinks. So, occupation does not affect in the selection of branded carbonated drinks. CHAPTER 4: FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION Findings 1. Maximum number of people surveyed is below 15 years because they are major consumers. 2. Out of 200 people 13%are professionals, 9% are businessman, 26% are serviceman, and 49% are students. 3. Out of 200 respondents, 97% of consumers buy cold drinks and only 3% of them do not buy. 4. 9% respondents prefer coke, 18% prefer Pepsi, 12% 7up, 11 % of them prefer Sprite, 9% Fanta, and 23% prefer Thumbs-up. 5. 25% people purchase cold drinks because of taste, 20% people purchase cold drinks because of brand name, 20% people purchase cold drinks because of packaging, 15% people purchase cold drinks because of price, 11% people purchase cold drinks because of brand ambassador, 8 % people purchase cold drinks because of easy availability 1% people purchase cold drinks because of any other reason. 6. Out of 200 consumers 98% have seen the advertisement and only 2% have not seen the advertisement of any brands. 7. 3% people remember the advertisement of coke, 23% people remember the advertisement of Pepsi, 1% people remember the advertisement of 7up, 6% people remember the advertisement of sprite, 4% people remember the advertisement of Fanta, and 23% people remember the advertisement of Thumbs-up. 8. 24% people remember the advertisement because of creativity, 25% people remember the advertisement because of brand ambassador, 11% people remember the advertisement because of their idea of delivering the message, 25% people remember the advertisement because of frequency of ads, and 15% people remember the advertisement because of logical reason. Conclusion From the analysis of the data collected and from the experiences we have reached the following conclusions: * COKE is most popular amongst its users mainly because of its TASTE, BRAND NAME. Thus it should focus on good taste so that it can capture the major part of the market. But most of the consumers prefer THUMSUP as their 1st preference, then COKE. * We come to the conclusion that visibility affects the sales of project in a very special way. And in terms of the advertisements lays is lacking behind mostly consumers remember the advertisement because of the frequency of add and brand ambassadors, creativity. After acquiring a new customer, there is lot of importance of its retention also. This can be done only by providing extra flavors and good taste. * In today’s scenario, customer is the king because he has got various choices around him. If you are not capable of providing him the desired result he will definitely switch over to the other provider. Therefore to survive in this cutthroat competition, you need to be the best. Customer is no more loyal in today’s scenario, so you need to be always on your toes. We feel that there is cut-throat competition between COKE,PEPSI,THUMSUP so to be on top of mind of the customers they need to do something outstanding every time. CHAPTER 5:ANNEXURE QUESTIONNAIRE Dear Sir/Madam, This questionnaire has been prepared with a view to make a STUDY OF CUSTOMER BEHAVIOR AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS BRANDED CARBONATED DRINKS . The information will be strictly used for educational purpose only by the students of Manipal Institute of Management (Manipal University) . we would be grateful if you could spare some time in filling up this questionnaire. ) NAME : 2) AGE :a)0-15 b) 15-20 c) 21-35 d) 36-45 e) 46-70 3) Gender : M F 4) Occupation : Professional Businessman Service Student Other 5) Do you drink soft drinks: Yes No 6) If yes which soft drink Brand: Coke Pepsi 7) If No why so?†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 8) Which carbonated drink do you prefer most: Coke Pepsi 7Up Mountain Dew Thumbs Up Sprite Fanta 9) Which packa ge do u prefer most: Pet Bottle Glass Bottle 10) About Carbonated drink what do you like the most: Brand name Taste Easy availability Packaging Price Brand ambassador Any other†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 11) What is the importance of taste in a carbonated drink? (Please rate them from 1- 4) 1=Very Important 2=Important 3=Not important 4=Not at all important 12) Have you seen any advertisements of carbonated drinks: Yes NO 13) Advertisement of which carbonated drinks do you remember the most : Coke Pepsi 7Up Thumbs Up Sprite Mountain dew Fanta 14) What attracted you in the advertisement? (PLEASE RATE THEM from 1-4) Creativity Brand ambassador Idea of delivering the message Frequency of add Logical reason 15) What is your opinion of the brand? Excellent Good Fair Poor 16) What is your monthly consumption? 17) Any suggestions? ____________________________________________________________ __ CHAPTER 6 : BIBILOGRAPHY (i) Research methodology by C. R. Kotari (ii) Websites: www. cocacola. com www. pepsi. com www. wikipedia. com (iii) Doing Quantitative Research in Education with SPSS by Daniel Muijs. How to cite Customer Perception Towards Branded Carbonated Drinks, Papers

The Content Marketing Glossary

As a marketer myself, I know there are no two things marketers love more than buzzwords and content. And seeing as how content marketing isn’t going away, it’s worth getting to know the jargon. If you need to get up to speed with some of the terminologies, here’s a quick glossary: Above the Fold Above the fold refers to the portion of a webpage that is visible (without scrolling) when the page is first loaded. It’s an important concept because the content that’s above the fold need to persuade users to further engage with the page. For example, a blog post might have the hero image, headline and first couple sentences above the fold. Analytics The collection, measurement, and analysis of Internet data for the purpose of improving future strategies. Analytics tools like Google Analytics help you discover which content is attracting more traffic or getting more shares. Algorithm Update Google uses a very complex algorithm to value and rank content. Changes to their formula are called â€Å"algorithm updates.† Google’s algorithm is what determines how valuable your content is, and where it should rank relative to similar articles. So, any updates to this core formula can have massive implications to your content marketing. Attribution The customer journey isn’t linear. Instead, people bounce back and forth between a company’s website, social pages, and blog. But how much business did each of those channels generate? That’s where attribution can help. â€Å"Attribution models assign a value to various touch points a lead had with your company before converting. For content marketing, this means understanding the blog posts, white papers, social content or another type of content that a person engaged with before becoming a lead or customer.† B2B Marketing B2B marketing simply refers to business-to-business marketing. The idea here is that a business is selling a product or service to other businesses. For example, MailChimp sells email marketing services to small businesses. Salesforce sells cloud-based CRM solutions to enterprise businesses. For content marketers, operating in a B2B industry is much different from a B2C role. B2C Marketing Short for â€Å"business to consumer marketing,† B2C marketing is when a business uses various marketing strategies to promote its products or services directly to consumers, rather than to other businesses. Buyer Journey The buyer journey identifies the different stages prospects move through, from first discovering a company to becoming a customer. From the â€Å"awareness† and â€Å"consideration† stage, through to the â€Å"decision† stage, prospects have different content needs. Blog Short for a web log, a blog is web page content that is updated frequently, featuring articles, opinions, discussions, and links to other useful pages. They strengthen brand personality and credibility, drive traffic, boost SEO, and build customer relationships. Buyer Journey The buyer journey identifies the different stages prospects move through, from first discovering a company to becoming a customer. From the â€Å"awareness† and â€Å"consideration† stage, through to the â€Å"decision† stage, prospects have different content needs. Call to Action (CTA) An image, a button, or a line of text meant to prompt the user to take the desired action. This could be to share your content, subscribe to your blog, or download an ebook. Case Study Aimed at building customer trust, a case study is a written account of a real customer’s experience with a business, showing how a product or service effectively helped a customer overcome a specific problem. Click-Through Rate (CTR) The percentage of users that click on a link, button, or ad. The data can help you see which content types and subjects engage your readers more. Content Curation Gathering, organizing, and presenting content that is relevant to your audience or is focused on a particular topic. A debatable concept used by some marketers to describe how content marketing may not be a sustainable strategy for some businesses. Similar to â€Å"information overload,† it’s the idea that we’ll be so flooded with content we’ll start to turn away from it. Content Marketing Creating, publishing, and promoting valuable free content to attract prospects and convert them into customers. It aims to inform, educate, and entertain prospects to increase brand trust and loyalty. Content Strategy The process of planning, developing and delivering content. It involves creating, distributing, and promoting content on appropriate channels to attract and engage prospects and support the buyer journey. Conversion Rate The measurement used to see how many visitors complete a specific action, such as sign up to your newsletter or make a purchase. Copywriting The production of written text for marketing or advertising purposes. The copy should highlight the benefits of a company and its products and services, and persuade readers to take a particular action. Customer Persona Also referred to as â€Å"buyer persona,† the customer persona is a description by a business of their ideal customer, based on existing customers’ demographics, behavior, and motivations. It helps businesses create appropriate, targeted content. Ebook Often used by marketers to generate leads, an Ebook is a downloadable piece of informational content that is longer than a whitepaper, from 20 to 100 pages long. Editorial Calendar Keeping you focused on your content marketing goals, an editorial calendar details what subjects your content should cover, the content format, and when and where to publish each piece. Evergreen Content Content that remains relevant to your audience in the long term. For this reason, it has more long-term marketing value. FAB FAB stands for features, advantages, and benefits. FAB statements are used in copywriting to help potential customers understand why a product or service is a better buy than competing offers. Ghostwriting Content produced by a writer, which is then credited to another person. The original writer agrees to forfeit the credit to get paid for writing the content. Hashtag Frequently used on social media platforms, a hashtag is a word or phrase preceded by the hash symbol (#). Users can insert a hashtag to associate their posts with content on similar topics or search for content based around a hashtag. HTML Short for Hyper Text Markup Language, HTML is the universal language used to build every web page online. It gives web pages their structure and helps search engines crawl and index web content. Inbound Link A link on another website that points to a page on your website. Google often uses link data like this to rank your website. Links from â€Å"quality† websites can help you appear higher in search engine results pages (SERPs). Infographic These are graphic visual representations of data or other information that can be easier to consume than chunks of text. Keyword Keywords or keyword phrases are words that searchers type into search engines to find specific information. They are also included in the content to show search engines that your content is relevant. The overuse of keywords can now harm your search engine rankings. Landing Page A page on a website designed to receive visitors directly from organic or paid links on other online channels. The goal of the landing page copy and design is to encourage visitors to take a specific action. Lead A prospective customer that has shown an interest in a business, a product, or a service. Typically, leads are captured when they respond to an ad or a call to action within content. Newsjacking Creating content based around a news story to draw attention to your content. This type of content can rank well in SERPs. SEO techniques that are applied directly to a web page to improve visibility in search engines. On-page optimization strategies include keyword optimization and inserting HTML meta tags. Personalization This is tailoring your content to match specific segments of your audience. It can involve delivering content to different channels depending on your marketing goals. Promotion Any type of marketing communication that aims to inform or persuade a target audience of the merits of a company, product, or service. Promotion also refers to any act of drawing attention to existing content. Quality In terms of content, quality refers to any content that is original, well written, concise, and delivers value to the target audience. Quality content also addresses the needs of the target audience, increases user trust, and is highly shareable. Quantity The frequency a brand publishes content depends on the content needs of the audience and the brand’s ability to consistently create quality content. Content marketers should focus on creating high quality content, rather than publishing a high quantity of content. SEO (Search Engine Optimization) SEO covers all strategies that are aimed at making a website easier for search engines to index and rank. The purpose of writing SEO articles is to make content and websites rank higher in search engine results pages. SEM Short for search engine marketing, SEM is the practice of using paid advertising to increase the visibility of a business and its content in search engine results pages. Social Media Optimization (SMO) Using social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, and Google+ to increase brand awareness, promote content sharing, generate leads, and boost SEO. Snackable Content This is typically short-form and visual content such as infographics, images, videos, and short blog posts. It’s designed to quickly and clearly convey an idea or message. Storytelling Storytelling in content marketing is a powerful way of writing that includes a narrative to help readers identify with a brand and see the benefits of its products or services. Compelling stories engage consumers, elicit emotion, and foster brand loyalty. Technical Content Content that aims to communicate more complex information to readers that need help to accomplish a specific goal. Technical writers can transform complicated, jargon-heavy content – such as user guides – into accessible content. Templates A content template is a pre-made design that provides a framework for writers, covering all the information that should be included within a web page or article. Using templates improves content consistency and output. URL URL, short for Uniform Resource Locator, is the unique address assigned to a page on the World Wide Web. URLs, shown in the browser address bar, send users to a specific page or resource online. User-Generated Content User-generated content (UGC) is any content created by members of the public, rather than by employed professionals. UGC – such as a product review or customer photo – is more authentic than company-generated content, so it helps to build brand trust. Visual Content As opposed to text, visual content is used by marketers to make an instant impression. Videos, animations, slide presentations, and infographics are also highly shareable. Website Content Any content, including written copy, images, graphics, animations, audio, or video that is accessible to visitors when they visit a website. Whitepaper Used to generate leads and show industry expertise, a whitepaper is an extended article that is often offered to users as a download to build a marketing database.